Posology : מינונים

4.2    Posology and method of administration

Therapy should be initiated by a physician experienced in the diagnosis and the treatment of patients with CML.

Posology

Newly-diagnosed CP Ph+ CML
The recommended dose is 400 mg bosutinib once daily.
CP, AP, or BP Ph+ CML with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy The recommended dose is 500 mg bosutinib once daily.

In clinical trials for both indications, treatment with bosutinib continued until disease progression or intolerance to therapy.

Dose adjustments

In the Phase 1/2 clinical study in patients with CML who were resistant or intolerant to prior therapy, dose escalations from 500 mg to 600 mg once daily with food were allowed in patients who failed to demonstrate complete haematological response (CHR) by Week 8 or complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) by Week 12 and did not have Grade 3 or higher adverse events possibly-related to the investigational product. In the Phase 3 clinical study in patients with newly-diagnosed CP CML treated with bosutinib 400 mg, dose escalations by 100 mg increments to a maximum of 600 mg once daily with food were permitted if the patient failed to demonstrate breakpoint cluster region-Abelson (BCR-ABL) transcripts ≤ 10% at Month 3, did not have a Grade 3 or 4 adverse reaction at the time of escalation, and all Grade 2 non-haematological toxicities were resolved to at least Grade 1. In the Phase 4 clinical study in patients with Ph+ CML previously treated with 1 or more TKI(s), dose escalations from 500 mg to 600 mg once daily with food were allowed in patients with unsatisfactory response or with signs of disease progression in the absence of any Grade 3 or 4 or persistent Grade 2 adverse events.

In the Phase 1/2 study in patients with CML who were resistant or intolerant to prior therapy who started treatment at ≤ 500 mg, 93 (93/558; 16.7%) patients had dose escalations to 600 mg daily.

In the Phase 3 study in patients with newly-diagnosed CP CML who started bosutinib treatment at 400 mg, a total of 58 patients (21.6%) received dose escalations to 500 mg daily. In addition, 10.4% of patients in the bosutinib treatment group had further dose escalations to 600 mg daily.

In the Phase 4 study in patients with Ph+ CML previously treated with 1 or more TKI(s) who started bosutinib treatment at 500 mg daily, 1 patient (0.6%) had a dose escalation up to 600 mg daily.

Doses greater than 600 mg/day have not been studied and, therefore, should not be given.

Dose adjustments for adverse reactions
Non-haematological adverse reactions
If clinically significant moderate or severe non-haematological toxicity develops, bosutinib should be interrupted, and may be resumed at a dose reduced by 100 mg taken once daily after the toxicity has resolved. If clinically appropriate, re-escalation to the dose prior to the dose reduction taken once daily should be considered (see section 4.4). Doses less than 300 mg/day have been used in patients; however, efficacy has not been established.

Elevated liver transaminases: If elevations in liver transaminases > 5 × institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) occur, bosutinib should be interrupted until recovery to ≤ 2.5 × ULN and may be resumed at 400 mg once daily thereafter. If recovery takes longer than 4 weeks, discontinuation of bosutinib should be considered. If transaminase elevations ≥ 3 × ULN occur concurrently with bilirubin elevations > 2 × ULN and alkaline phosphatase < 2 × ULN, bosutinib should be discontinued (see section 4.4).

Diarrhoea: For NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Grade 3-4 diarrhoea, bosutinib should be interrupted and may be resumed at 400 mg once daily upon recovery to grade ≤ 1 (see section 4.4).

Haematological adverse reactions
Dose reductions are recommended for severe or persistent neutropenia and thrombocytopenia as described in Table 1:

Table 1 – Dose adjustments for neutropenia and thrombocytopenia

ANCa < 1.0 × 109/L                Hold bosutinib until ANC  1.0 × 109/L and platelets  50 × 109/L.
and/or
Resume treatment with bosutinib at the same dose if recovery
9
Platelets < 50 × 10 /L            occurs within 2 weeks. If blood counts remain low for > 2 weeks, upon recovery reduce dose by 100 mg and resume treatment.

If cytopoenia recurs, reduce dose by an additional 100 mg upon recovery and resume treatment.

Doses less than 300 mg/day have been used; however, efficacy has not been established.
a
ANC = absolute neutrophil count
Special populations

Elderly patients (≥ 65 years)
No specific dose recommendation is necessary in the elderly. Since there is limited information in the elderly, caution should be exercised in these patients.

Renal impairment
Patients with serum creatinine > 1.5×ULN were excluded from CML studies. Increasing exposure (area under curve [AUC]) in patients with moderate and severe renal impairment during studies was observed.

Newly-diagnosed CP Ph+ CML
In patients with moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance [CLCr] 30 to 50 mL/min, estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula), the recommended dose of bosutinib is 300 mg daily with food (see sections 4.4 and 5.2).

In patients with severe renal impairment (CLCr < 30 mL/min, estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula), the recommended dose of bosutinib is 200 mg daily with food (see sections 4.4 and 5.2).

Dose escalation to 400 mg once daily with food for patients with moderate renal impairment or to 300 mg once daily for patients with severe renal impairment may be considered if they do not experience severe or persistent moderate adverse reactions and if they do not achieve an adequate haematological, cytogenetic, or molecular response.

CP, AP, or BP Ph+ CML with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy In patients with moderate renal impairment (CLCr 30 to 50 mL/min, calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula), the recommended dose of bosutinib is 400 mg daily (see sections 4.4 and 5.2).

In patients with severe renal impairment (CLCr < 30 mL/min, calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula), the recommended dose of bosutinib is 300 mg daily (see sections 4.4 and 5.2).

Dose escalation to 500 mg once daily for patients with moderate renal impairment or to 400 mg once daily in patients with severe renal impairment may be considered in those who did not experience severe or persistent moderate adverse reactions, and if they do not achieve an adequate haematological, cytogenetic, or molecular response.

Cardiac disorders
In clinical studies, patients with uncontrolled or significant cardiac disease (e.g., recent myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure or unstable angina) were excluded. Caution should be exercised in patients with relevant cardiac disorders (see section 4.4).

Recent or ongoing clinically significant gastrointestinal disorder
In clinical studies, patients with recent or ongoing clinically significant gastrointestinal disorder (e.g., severe vomiting and/or diarrhoea) were excluded. Caution should be exercised in patients with recent or ongoing clinically significant gastrointestinal disorder (see section 4.4).

Paediatric population
The safety and efficacy of bosutinib in children and adolescents less than 18 years of age have not been established. No data are available.

Method of administration
Bosulif should be taken orally once daily with food (see section 5.2). If a dose is missed by more than 12 hours, the patient should not be given an additional dose. The patient should take the usual prescribed dose on the following day.