Pharmacological properties : תכונות פרמקולוגיות

Pharmacodynamic Properties

5.1. Pharmacodynamic properties

Pharmacotherapeutic group (ATC code): B05BB01 “Electrolytes”.
Ringer Lactate solution is an isotonic solution of electrolytes. The constituents of Ringer Lactate solution and their concentrations are designed to match those of plasma.
The pharmacological properties of the Ringer Lactate solution are those of its components (sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride and lactate).
The main effect of Ringer Lactate solution is the expansion of the extracellular compartment including both the interstitial fluid and the intravascular fluid.
The lactate is metabolised into bicarbonate, mainly in the liver, and produces an alkalinising effect on the plasma.
In healthy volunteers receiving Ringer Lactate solution, central venous pressure changes were associated with a secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide.
In healthy volunteers, Ringer Lactate solution decreased serum osmolality, increased blood pH, and the time until first urination was shorter than that with normal saline.
There is no significant changes in glucagon, norepinephrine, epinephrine, blood glucose and insulin levels in aortic surgery patients receiving Ringer Lactate solution.
When medication is added to Ringer Lactate solution, the overall pharmacodynamics of the solution will depend on the nature of the drug used.

Pharmacokinetic Properties

5.2. Pharmacokinetic properties

The pharmacokinetic properties of the Ringer Lactate solution are those of the ions its composition includes (sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride).
Infusion of Ringer Lactate solution in normal hemodynamically stable adults does not increase circulating lactate concentrations.
The pharmacokinetics of D-lactate and L-lactate are similar.
The lactate in Ringer Lactate solution is metabolized by both oxidation and gluconeogenesis, predominantly in the liver, and bicarbonate is generatedby both processes over 1-2 h.
When medication is added to Ringer Lactate solution, the overall pharmacokinetics of the solution will depend on the nature of the drug used.