Overdose : מינון יתר

4.9. Overdose
General adverse effects of sodium excess in the body include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, thirst, reduced salivation and lacrimation, sweating, fever, tachycardia, hypertension, renal failure, peripheral and pulmonary oedema, respiratory arrest, headache, dizziness, restlessness, irritability, weakness, muscular twitching and rigidity, convulsions, coma, and death.
An excessive volume of Sodium Chloride 0.9% may lead to hypernatraemia (which can lead to CNS manifestations, including seizures, coma, cerebral oedema and death) and sodium overload (which can lead to central and/or peripheral oedema) and should be treated by an attending specialised physician.
Excess chloride in the body may cause a loss of bicarbonate with an acidifying effect.
When Sodium Chloride 0.9% is used as a diluent for injectable preparations of other drugs, the signs and symptoms of over infusion will be related to the nature of the additives being used. In the event of accidental over infusion, treatment should be discontinued and the patient should be observed for the appropriate signs and symptoms related to the drug administered. The relevant and supportive measures should be provided as necessary.