Pharmacological properties : תכונות פרמקולוגיות

Pharmacodynamic Properties

5.1) Pharmacodynamic properties:
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Nervous System / Local Anaesthetics / Anaesthetics, local / Amides / Lidocaine, combinations.
ATC Code: N01BB52
Mechanism of action: Lidocaine stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses, thereby effecting local anesthetic action.
Onset and duration of anesthesia: When used for infiltration anesthesia in dental patients, the time of onset averages less than two minutes for Lidocaine HCL 2% and Epinephrine 1:100,000.
Lidocaine HCL 2% and Epinephrine 1:100,000 provides an average pulp anesthesia of at least 60 minutes with an average duration of soft tissue anesthesia of approximately 2½ hours. When used for nerve blocks in dental patients, the time of onset for Lidocaine HCL 2% and Epinephrine 1:100,000 averages 2-4 minutes. Lidocaine HCL 2% and Epinephrine 1:100,000 provides pulp anesthesia averaging at least 90 minutes with an average duration of soft tissue anesthesia of 3 to 3½ hours.
Hemodynamics: Excessive blood levels may cause changes in cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, and mean arterial pressure. These changes may be attributable to a direct depressant effect of the local anesthetic agent on various components of the cardiovascular system and/or the beta-adrenergic receptor stimulating action of epinephrine when present.

Pharmacokinetic Properties