Pharmacological properties : תכונות פרמקולוגיות

Pharmacodynamic Properties

12.2 Pharmacodynamics
Increased retinal thickness, assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT), is associated with nAMD and DME. Leakage of blood and fluid from choroidal neovascularization, assessed by fluorescein angiography, is associated with nAMD. Reductions in central subfield thickness (CST) were observed across all treatment arms throughout the four Phase 3 studies in nAMD and DME.

Pharmacokinetic Properties

12.3 Pharmacokinetics
Absorption/Distribution
Maximum faricimab plasma concentrations (Cmax) are estimated to occur approximately 2 days post-dose. Mean (±SD) free faricimab (unbound to VEGF-A and Ang-2) plasma Cmax are estimated to be 0.23 (0.07) mcg/mL and 0.22 (0.07) mcg/mL in nAMD and in DME patients, respectively. After repeated intravitreal administrations, mean plasma free faricimab trough concentrations are predicted to be 0.002-0.003 mcg/mL for Q8W dosing. Although not directly measured in the vitreous, no accumulation of faricimab is expected in the vitreous and no accumulation has been observed in plasma when faricimab has been administered as repeat doses in the vitreous.

Metabolism/Elimination
Metabolism and elimination of faricimab has not been fully characterized. Faricimab is expected to be catabolized in lysosomes to small peptides and amino acids, which may be excreted renally, in a similar manner to the elimination of endogenous IgG. The estimated mean apparent systemic half-life of faricimab is approximately 7.5 days.

Specific Populations
The systemic pharmacokinetics of faricimab were not influenced by gender, race, or mild to severe renal impairment (i.e., estimated normalized creatinine clearance by Cockroft-Gault equation: 15 to 89 mL/min/1.73 m2). The effect of severe renal impairment or any degree of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of VABYSMO is unknown. No special dosage modification is required for any of the populations that have been studied (e.g., elderly, gender, race).

12.6 Immunogenicity
The immunogenicity of VABYSMO was evaluated in plasma samples. The immunogenicity data reflect the percentage of patients whose test results were considered positive for antibodies to VABYSMO in immunoassays. The detection of an immune response is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assays used, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies to VABYSMO with the incidence of antibodies to other products may be misleading.

There is a potential for an immune response in patients treated with VABYSMO. In the nAMD and DME studies, the pre-treatment incidence of anti-faricimab antibodies was approximately 1.8% and 0.8%, respectively. After initiation of dosing, anti-faricimab antibodies were detected in approximately 10.4% and 8.4% of patients with nAMD and DME respectively, treated with VABYSMO across studies and across treatment groups. As with all therapeutic proteins, there is a potential for immunogenicity with VABYSMO.